Kramers’ law: Validity, derivations and generalisations
نویسنده
چکیده
Kramers’ law describes the mean transition time of an overdamped Brownian particle between local minima in a potential landscape. We review different approaches that have been followed to obtain a mathematically rigorous proof of this formula. We also discuss some generalisations, and a case in which Kramers’ law is not valid. This review is written for both mathematicians and theoretical physicists, and endeavours to link concepts and terminology from both fields. 2000 Mathematical Subject Classification. 58J65, 60F10, (primary), 60J45, 34E20 (secondary)
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